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BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Renal recovery (RR) after AKI is a determinant outcome of future comorbidity and mortality in critical care patients. Related predictive factors remain uncertain. METHOD: We retrospectively analyzed patients admitted to ICU between January 2020 and February 2021 from our critical nephrology database. We analyzed adult patients with diagnosis of AKI (KDIGO criteria) treated with renal replacement therapy (RRT) during ICU hospitalization. We excluded patients with dialysis support previous to the admission. The main outcomes we evaluated were (1) RR (successful suspension of RRT without hyperkalemia, increase in serum creatinine (SCr), hypervolemia or acidemia after 1 week without RRT, with urine volume > 500 mL/d without diuretic treatment or > 2000 mL/d with diuretics). (2) Mortality during hospitalization. RESULTS: We found 1442 patients were admitted to ICU, 418 presented AKI (29.8%), of them, 178 patients (64% male) required RRT (AKI-RRTd) in ICU during follow-up, with mean age of 66 year old (52.8% >65 year). Main comorbidity and demographic data are in Table 1. Mean time in ICU was 19 days (RIC 11-35). The most frequent admission cause was non-surgical pathologies (93%), 53% of admitted patients had COVID-19 as main diagnosis (95 patients). There was need of vasoactive support in 73.6%, ventilatory support (82.6) and 67.2% of patients had fluid overload. The indication of dialysis was determined by a nephrologist: mainly oliguria, acidosis, hyperkalemia, fluid overload and increase SCr. Mean SCR at admission was 2.5 mg/dL. There were missing data in 48% of basal SCr (known SCr between 1 and 12 months prior to admission). Total mortality in AKI-RRTd was 70.8% (126 patients). In COVID patients, was 77.9% (74 patients). We found renal recovery in 63.4% of total survivors (33/52 patients). When analyzing COVID, there were 21 survivors, and we found renal recovery in 80.9% of patients. Patients who did not achieved renal recovery had longer ICU stay (median: 20 days, RIC: 4-26) and inhospitalization (median: 41 days, RIC: 29-58). Those patients were older, and had higher morbidity (diabetes), higher SCr at ICU admission and lower urine output. Their fluid balance was higher at 48 h after CRRT initiation (OR 3.05, 95% CI 1.39-6.65, P <.01). In COVID population without renal recovery, there were more urgent dialysis onset (OR 8.33, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.04-66.2;P = .04), age > 65 year (OR 6.48, 95% CI 1.94-21.6;P < .01), positive fluid balance at 48 h after RRT (OR 3.25;95% CI 1.09-9.69;P = .03). The risk factors for mortality, were age > 65 year (OR 4.14, 95% CI 2.05- 8.35;P < .01), mechanical ventilation (OR 3.28, 95% CI 1.48-7.30;P < .01), haemodynamic support (OR 4.37, 95% CI 2.14-8.92;P < .01). Otherwise, lower SCr at admission (OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.71-0.93;P < .01) and at instauration of RRT (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.065-0.88;P < .01) were associated to lower mortality. In COVID patients, fluid overload at RRT initiation (OR 10.83, 95% CI 1.37-85.36;P = .02), age > 65 year old (OR 8.85, 95% CI 2.68-29.1;P < .01) and FiO2 > 50% at RRT start (OR 2.77, 95% CI 1.02-7.50;P = .04) were associated to higher mortality. CONCLUSION: In ICU patients with AKI-RRT dependence, negative fluid balance at 48 h after RRT onset and in COVID patients, age < 65 year old, negative fluid balance at 48 h after RRT onset and non-urgent onset of RRT were related with renal recovery. (Table Presented).
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Introdução e objetivos: A incidência de Endocardite Infecciosa comunitária associada a hemoculturas negativas (EICAHN) varia de 5 a 78%. Há poucos relatos da incidência de endocardite infecciosa associada a Bartonella spp. (EIAB) no Brasil. Nesse estudo avaliaremos a incidência de endocardite (EI) por Bartonella spp. na série de 119 pacientes no Rio de Janeiro. Método: Estudo observacional, transversal, prospectivo, de 2009 a 2021, inclusos 119 pacientes com EI em hospital universitário na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Os testes sorológicos e moleculares para Bartonella spp. foram realizados no laboratório de referência e resultados positivos de acordo com a literatura. Análise dos dados foi realizada no Stata Statistical Software. Resultados: A incidência de EIAB nesta série foi de 1,6%. Comparando os dados EICAHN (N=17) com o grupo EI comunitária com hemoculturas positivas (N = 35), 14,2% foi classificada com EICAHN. Um paciente (P1) com EIAB residia com dois cachorros e outra paciente (P2) com dois gatos. Ambos com evidência epidemiológica e laboratorial de infecção por Bartonella após visita do grupo One Health. No grupo de EIAB, o principal fator de risco foi a febre reumática (p = 0,031). A EI aórtica foi mais incidente na EICAHN (p = 0,001). Os dois casos de EIAB foram diagnosticados no ano da pandemia de COVID-19. O P1, homem branco de 47 anos, após investigação de síndrome febril e IC de evolução de três meses, foi submetido à cirurgia de troca valvar mitro-aórtica, onde foi observada vegetação valvar. Amostra de sangue submetida à imunofluorescência indireta para anticorpos anti-Bartonella, sendo reagente. A PCR sérica para Bartonella foi negativa, porém houve detecção de DNA para B. henseale na valva. Seus cachorros foram testados e em um deste houve detecção de anticorpos anti-Bartonella spp. no sangue. A P2, mulher branca, 62 anos, com prótese mitral biológica disfuncionante, internada para investigação de síndrome consumptiva há 8 meses, com insuficiência renal e anemia na ausência de febre. A pesquisa de anticorpos IgG Anti-Bartonella spp. no sangue foi positiva, assim como nos gatos que residiam com a mesma. O diagnóstico de EI se deu pelos critérios de Duke modificados. Conclusão: A incidência de EIB nesta série de 119 paciente do time de EI do Rio de Janeiro foi 1,6. Maior acometimento de EIAB foi na valva aórtica e o principal fator de risco a febre reumática. Abordagem One Health contribui em 2020 para o diagnóstico endocardite por B. henselae.
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The impact of the pandemic caused by COVID-19 may deepen the situations of malnutrition, where it will be necessary to adapt food programs to this new context. The objective of this work was to present the methodology and the main results of the process of formulating a federal guide based on scientific evidence and adapted to the reality of the child and adolescent population that attend school canteens in the 24 jurisdictions of Argentina. It was observed that the modalities for the implementation of SC during the pandemic were: food modules (the most frequent);food modules delivered at school with regular SC support and, food and/or snacks delivered daily. There was little evidence at the global and regional level on specific recommendations applied to the implementation of SC, although recommendations on hygiene and food handling were found. Based on a participatory process among key actors, specific recommendations were obtained according to the dimensions of food and nutrition security (FNS). It is concluded that it is necessary to increase participatory experiences in the design of recommendations based on evidence, adapted to the territory and that assume a comprehensive approach from the dimensions of FNS. Arch Latinoam Nutr 2020;70(3): 215-234. © 2020 Archivos Latinoamericanos Nutricion. All rights reserved.
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INTRODUCTION: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a global impact, including in health services, placing health professionals under enormous tension, pressure, and stress. Professionals involved in the care, diagnosis, and treatment of COVID-19-infected patients have been subject to emotional and physical distress that can potentially enhance the development of occupational diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of burnout among Portuguese radiographers. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional, quantitative study. Burnout levels were estimated using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey, composed of 22 questions. Specific questions were developed to characterize the socio-demographic situation and the impact of the pandemic on the radiographers. Data were descriptively analyzed and Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for correlation analysis. RESULTS: The study sample comprised 386 radiographers, 68.7% of whom where female and 31.3% male. The mean sample age was 36.3 (±9.1) years. A total of 43.5% and 45.5% of subjects had a high level of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, respectively, and 59.8% experienced low personal accomplishment. Altogether, 23.3% of study participants were at high risk of burnout in the three dimensions assessed and 77.2% in at least one. CONCLUSION: Study results showed that radiographers were at high risk of developing burnout in the COVID-19 pandemic setting. Health institutions should actively monitor these professional's mental health and develop restorative strategies that enable their emotional wellbeing, preventing absenteeism and increasing patients' quality of care. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Burnout of health professionals has a strong impact on health services organization, resulting in increased absenteeism and error probability, frequent work delays, low productivity and job satisfaction, inter- and intra-professional conflicts, high job turnover, high job quit, and decreased quality of care perceived by users.